The inhibitors that bind non-covalently with enzyme are enzyme inhibition, which can be reversed if the inhibitor is removed. The reversible inhibition is further subdivided into the following:
- Competitive inhibition
- Non-competitive inhibition
- Uncompetitive inhibition
- Since enzymes are proteins, any agent which denatures protein will inactivate enzymes. Such agents are known as inhibitors of enzymes and thus may be defined as the chemical substances which reduce the activity of particular enzymes, and this process is called enzyme inhibition.
- Since many inhibitors structurally resemble their enzymes substrate, inhibitor (I) binds at the active site of enzyme [E] and thus results in the failure of attachment of [S] to the active site, thus, decreasing the activity of E on its turnover number.
- Inhibitors may be small inorganic ions such as cyanide which inhibits the enzyme called cytochrome oxidase or much more complex inorganic or organic molecules like Di isopropyl flurophosphate.
- The poisoning of an E involved in a main metabolic chain will render the whole in operative and will have a profound or even fatal effect upon the organism.
- Also, enzyme inhibition is one of the most important ways in which enzyme activity is both artificially and naturally regulated.
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