- Many drugs in aqueous solutions are easily degraded by oxidation and hence an antioxidant should be incorporated in the formulation.
- Bisulfites and metabisulfites are the commonly used antioxidants in aqueous injections.
- Antioxidants must be carefully selected for use in injections to avoid interaction with the drug.
- In addition to antioxidants, parenterals may also contain chelating or sequestering agents, such as EDTA or citric acid, to remove trace elements, which catalyze oxidative degradation.
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