The present market for herbal products is growing exponentially and there is a huge demand for standardized, approved products of established safety and efficacy. This huge demand, dwindling plant resource wealth, reckless exploitation of natural plant wealth despite strict curtailing regulations in place, and the lack of precise regulatory control over the available vast range…
The drug contains not less than 1.3% bitter principles constituted of amarogentin (0.04%) and amaroswerin (0.03%). Other important constituents are xanthone derivatives—more than 20 in number such as chiratol, methyl beliidifolin, decissatin, 7-O-methyl swertianin, mangiferin, swertianin, swertinine, chiratinine, triterpenoids—masilinic acd and its trisaccharide ester swercinctoside, chiratenol, gammacer-16-en-3β-ol, 21-α-H-hep-22(29)-en-3β-ol, swertenol, episwertenol, pichierenol, kairatenol, oleanolic acid, gammacer-16-en-β-ol,…
Chirata is an erect annual herb of 80–110 cm long with a stout robust stem, which is rounded in the lower part and branching toward the top. It is about 6 mm thick, yellowish brown, glabrous and slightly winged. Leaves are 7–9 cm long, 3.5–4 cm wide, sessile, elliptic, acute, and seven veined flowers; tetramerous…
The plant has been used in Chinese traditional medicine, where for centuries it has been used in the treatment of malaria, fevers, skin diseases, jaundice, and haemorrhoids in combination with other herbs. As an herbal tea and infusion, the herb is an affordable and effective anti-malarial in the tropics and countries such as China and…
Artemisia is an aromatic plant found as a pervasive weed in China. It is thus found both in wild and is also cultivated. It is a single-stemmed, hairless, sweetly aromatic annual growing to a height of 1 m. The stem is erect, ribbed, brownish, or violet brown in colour with very slender and glabrous branches.…
Traditional—Dhanwantartaila, mahanarayana taila, devadarvadyarista Proprietary—Sundown valerian capsules, valerian root tea, valerian root tincture Artemisia Refers to Artemisia annua Linn., Family: Compositae, Synonym Artemisia chamomila It is native to Eurasia from south-east Europe to Vietnam and India. It has become naturalized in many countries—Argentina, Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, and the United States.…
In western herbal medicine valerian has been used as a carminative and digestive aid. It has been used as an anti-spasmodic along with papaverine, belladonna, in spastic conditions of the smooth muscle as in spastic colitis. It is popularly prescribed for its sedative effects. Large quantities of valerian are used in perfumery. Indian valerian species…
Valerian contains about 0.2–2.8% volatile oil principally constituted of bornyl acetate and bornyl isovalerate. Other significant constituents of the oil are β-caryophyllene, bornyl formate, eugenyl isovalerate, isoeugenyl isovalerate, eugenol, cyclopentane sesquiterpenes—valeranone, valerenal, valerenic acid, and acetoxyvalerenic acid. Volatile oil composition is variable in different sub species of valerian. For example, V. edulis and V. wallichii lack valerenic acid. Japanese…
V. officinalis is a tall, hardy perennial herb with an underground portion made up of a vertical rhizome bearing numerous rootlets and stolons. Stem is hollow, cylindrical, and channeled of about 2 m in height. It is branched in the terminal region bearing opposite exstipulate, pinnatisect, cauline leaves with clasping petioles. Inflorescence is a raceme of cymes…
V. alternifolia, V. excelsa, Poir, V. sylvestris Grosch, V. edulis, V. flaurei Briquet (Japanese valerian). About 200 species of valerian are known of which only a few are used medicinally. Valerian officinalis includes an extremely polymorphous group of polyploid subspecies having closely similar morphological characteristics. Natural populations of various species and subspecies (V. officinalis ssp. collina, ssp. sambucifolia etc) are found distributed throughout temperate and sub…