Some substances such as sulfur and hydrocortisone are both insoluble in water and poorly wetted by it. When preparing simple aqueous dispersions, it is difficult to disperse clumps and the foam produced on shaking is slow to subside because it is stabilized by the film of unwettable solid at the liquid–air interface. To ensure satisfactory…

Learning Objective Suspensions Containing Diffusible Solids The method of preparation of suspensions containing diffusible solids is as follows: Suspensions Containing Indiffusible Solids The thickening agents used in indiffusible suspensions are given below: Suspensions Containing Precipitate-forming Liquids Liquid preparations containing resinous matter when mixed with water show precipitation of resin, which sticks to the sides of…

Learning Objective The formulation of a suspension involves the following:

Learning Objective

Learning Objective The suspensions are said to be flocculated when the individual particles are in contact with each other to form loose aggregates or a network-like structure. They are easily redispersible, but the rate of sedimentation is fast, the product will look inelegant and there is also a danger of an inaccurate dose being administered.…

Based on Type of Solids Learning Objective

Advantages of Suspensions Disadvantages of Suspensions

Learning Objective Disperse systems consist of particulate matter known as the dispersed phase, distributed throughout a continuous or dispersion medium. Based on the size of the dispersed phase, these are classified into following three types: Learning Objective Suspensions are biphasic, heterogenous systems in which finely divided insoluble solid particles (disperse phase) are dispersed or suspended in…

Learning Objective Biphasic dosage forms can be classified as follows: Biphasic dosage forms contain the following two phases:

Liniment is a solution or mixture of various substances in oil, alcoholic solution of soap or emulsion intended for external application. They should comply with the labeling requirements of liquid dosage forms. They are applied to the unbroken skin with rubbing or massaged directly on the affected area as counterirritating or stimulating agents. Liniments have…