The jellies must be formulated with suitable preservatives such as methyl paraben 0.1–0.2% if intended for long-time use, as the jelling agents used are most likely from natural sources. They must be suitably preserved since all jellies contain large amount of water. Loss of water can quickly lead to scaly form of jellies. Glycerol, propylene…
Pharmaceutical jellies are usually prepared by adding a thickening agent such as tragacanth or carboxy methylcellulose (CMC) to an aqueous solution in which the drug has been dissolved. The mass is then triturated in a mortar until a uniform product is obtained. The following gelling agents are used for the preparation of jellies.
Learning Objectives Jellies are transparent or translucent, nongreasy semisolid preparations generally applied externally to the skin or mucous membrane. They resemble mucilages but are with higher jellylike consistency. They are mainly applied for medication, lubrication and some miscellaneous uses. Types of Jellies Medicated Jellies The water-soluble drugs such as local anesthetics, spermicides and antiseptics are…
Learning Objectives Pastes can be defined as the semisolid dosage forms mainly meant only for external application to the skin. They are usually stiffer in nature but are less greasy than ointments. They do not melt at ordinary temperature and hence acts as a protective layer over the skin surface. Bases Used for Paste Preparation…
The formulated ointments should be subjected to the following evaluation tests before being considered for the batch process,
An emulsion system contains an oily phase, an aqueous phase, and an emulsifying agent, complying with the basic requirements for the formation of a stable emulsion. For oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion systems, the following emulsifying agents are used: For w/o emulsion system, the following emulsifiers are used:
Several famous ointments of the past were prepared by chemical reactions. An example is the strong iodine ointment B. Vet. C. (British Veterinary Pharmacopoeia), which is used to treat ringworm in cattle. It contains free iodine. Earlier, these types of ointments were used as counterirritants in the treatment of human rheumatic diseases. A limitation is…
This method is applicable for the preparation of most of the medicated ointments containing insoluble drug substances. Finely powdered solids are passed through sieve #85. The medicament is taken on an ointment slab and triturated lightly with a small amount of the base. A steel spatula with long, broad blade is used for this purpose.…
This method is applicable to melt multiple ingredients, especially when an ointment base contains a number of solid ingredients such as white beeswax, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid, and hard paraffin. The components of the formula are melted in the decreasing order of their melting point in the grated form. That is, the substance…