Glucose is metabolised to pyruvate and lactate in all mammalian cells by the pathway of glycolysis. Phosphorylation is necessary for glucose to enter this pathway. Glycolysis can occur in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic) when the end product is lactate only. Tissues that can utilise oxygen (aerobic) are able to metabolise pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, which…

It is the biosynthetic reaction involving the formation of complex molecules from simpler precursors. For the synthesis of a large variety of complex molecules, the starting materials are relatively few. These include pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, and the intermediates of citric acid cycle. Besides the availability of precursors, the anabolic reactions depend on the supply of energy…

CATABOLISM Catabolism is defined as the degradative process concerned with the breakdown of complex molecules to simpler ones, with a release of energy. The very purpose of catabolism is to trap the energy of the biomolecules in the form of ATP and generate the substances (precursors) required for the synthesis of complex molecules. Catabolism occurs…

The term metabolism is defined as the entire of spectrum of chemical reactions that occur in the living system. A metabolic pathway consists of a series of enzymatic reactions to produce desired products. The term metabolite is applied to a substrate or an intermediate or a product in metabolic reactions. Metabolism is broadly divide into two categories: catabolism…