Types of glass

Type I (Borosilicate Glass): This is commonly known as neutral glass. It has a high resistance to hydrolysis and can withstand autoclaving, weathering and solutions of pH up to 8. It can be used for all types of preparations and especially for analytical glass apparatus.

Type II (Treated Soda Lime Glass): Containers may be treated with moist sulfur dioxide at high temperature to create a neutral surface film with high hydrolytic resistance. This type of glass has lower resistance to autoclaving than type I glass. It can be used for products containing aqueous phase as the solvent.

Type ΙII (Soda Lime Glass): This offers very little resistance to hydrolysis and should only be used for powders for reconstitution prior to injection and for nonaqueous preparations.

Glass ampoules are the most commonly used single-dose containers and can range from sizes of 1–50 ml. For aqueous solutions, neutral glass is used. After filling, glass ampoules are sealed by fusion of the glass and hence it becomes tamper proof and there is no danger of entry of microorganisms. Amber-colored glass ampoules are available for light-sensitive products. Clear ampoules may be used, provided the ampoules are packaged in a light-resistant box.

Glass vials sealed by rubber closures are commonly used as multidose containers. The rubber closure is held in place by an aluminum sealing ring. The rubber closure permits the penetration of a syringe needle to allow the withdrawal of a dose of injection.


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