It can be defined as the unit SDF in which the drug is enclosed in a soft shell made up of gelatin. The drug enclosed is usually in the form of solid, liquid or semi-solid. It is a unit SDF available in various sizes and shapes such as spherical, tubular, oblongated, and ovoid. Advantages Disadvantages…
Hard Gelatin Capsule Manufacture of hard gelatin capsules includes the following steps: Manufacture of capsule shells Extraction of gelatin: Gelatin is a heterogeneous product derived by irreversible hydrolytic extraction of treated collagen obtained from animal bones and skin (Fig. 5.2). The properties of gelatin that are to be evaluated are as follows: Two types of gelatin…
Learning Objectives Definition Capsules are solid unit dosage form of medicament in which the drug is enclosed in a hard or soft container or shell made of suitable form of gelatin. Advantages Disadvantages
Learning Objectives Variation in formulation and processing conditions may result in unacceptable quality defects in coated tablets. Some of the defects are as follows:
Friability test Friability in addition to hardness gives the measure of tablet strength. It is defined as its resistance to shock and abrasion encountered during the process of manufacture, packing, transport and ultimately its usage. Factors contributing to tablet friability are deep concave punches used during the compression leading to formation of whiskered tablets, high moisture…
Tablet appearance: The tablet appearance is considered as one of the most important factor in evaluation based on the consumer acceptance. It also ensures whether the lot of batch of tablets produced has maintained uniformity in its elegance, which includes color, taste, presence of flavor, identifying marks, surface texture, etc. Organoleptic parameters: The organoleptic parameters, which are…
Tablets when formulated may undergo physical and chemical changes thereby altering the bioavailability of the dosage form. The manufactured tablet batches are to be evaluated before dispensing to ascertain stability and bioavailability throughout its shelf life. Evaluation of tablets can be carried out by the following tests.
Methods of tablet coating are as follows:
The composition of a coating solution is explained in Table 5.3. Table 5.3 Composition of Film Coating Solution Composition of Coating Solution Enteric Coating Non-enteric Coating Polymer Cellulose acetate phthalate, shellac, eudragits, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate Ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, HPMC, and PVP Solvent Ethanol, acetone, rectified spirit, and isopropyl alcohol Plasticizers PEG 200, PEG 400,…
The major ingredient used in sugar coating is sugar, which may be substituted by other materials like sorbitol. Other additives used are as follows: Different stages of sugar coating Advantages Disadvantages